git clone https://github.com/fuelphp/fuelphp cd fuelphp composer update create a virtual host, point the docroot to the public folder start your browser load the url you've defined for your virtual host
A composer.phar file is only valid for 30 days, so we decided not to include it anymore.
Besides that, since composer is becoming more and more common, it makes sense to have composer installed centrally, so you only have one composer install per server.
composer.phar is essentially a zip file containing all the PHP source of composer. composer.json is the control file that defines what needs to be installed, what the dependencies are, etc. Two completely different files...