/app/bootstrap initializes the framework, sets the environment the framework has to run in, and allows you to define classes that extend of replace core components.
always_load in the config allows your application to pre-load config files, language files, classes, etc that your application requires on every page load, to you don't have to load them manually in every controller.
If your application uses sessions for example, you can always_load the Session class, so sessions are always available in every controller.